International Journal of Organizational Leadership

The digital technologies development and widespread in economy and social sphere led to
serious labor nature changes and appearance new problems in labor market. The avalanche
like information flows growth, complication of production and technological processes
requires countries to use actively as possible the advantages of new technologies in order to
increase the competitiveness of their economies. The analysis of digital technologies impact
on modern business processes in manufacturing and services sectors revealed the changes in
functions and requirements for employees’ knowledge, skills and competencies. This
necessitates the search for new approaches to the labor organization, modification the forms
and social and labor relations content within the company and the labor market as well.
Thanks to modern technologies, opportunities are opening up for creating new jobs,
increasing productivity and production efficiency, and new industries and specialties
emergence. New digital technologies-based production business models need workers with
professional as well as developed cognitive and socio-behavioral skills in complex problem
solving, logical thinking, teamwork, and the ability to adapt to changing conditions and
circumstances. The skills are acquired through learning lifelong. In industrialized countries,
including Russia, as the conducted studies indicated employment becomes more flexible, but
less stable in connection with the business digitalization. In this regard, the authors propose
the measures to ensure the companies personnel potential development, the labor force
competitiveness increase in response to the global technological changes’ challenges

The current paper monitored the graduates of Payame Noor University (PNU) and the project has been done in the institute for open and distance learning. Most of the countries in the world deal with the issues of employment. The task is more complicated in the third world countries for the variety of factors, which some of them are unknown to the third world countries. Today, the country’s macro management seek for scientific methods to identify and control the problematic factors in employment. Besides, they tend to convert challenges into opportunities to accelerate the development move. Universities and higher education institutions undertake missions such as knowledge production, training of specialised manpower needed by the society, technology development, innovation, and creativity. Nowadays, experts believe that sustainable development is only achieved through the application of modern knowledge and advanced technology. The labour market is one of the four markets defined in the economics that the presence of human factor differentiates it from other markets such as money market, capital market, and commodity market. Excess supply of manpower compared to its demand in the labour market is one of the main reasons of unemployment, especially youth unemployment. Thus, continuity of unemployment and its increasing double-digit rate over the past few decades in different countries reflects non-equilibrium in supply and demand and is a sign of structural problems of the market. In this research, after discussing the challenges and opportunities of higher education system in the employment of students, the effective factors are divided into two groups of internal and external factors. Finally, the demographic variables will be considered separately according to these factors.